The Biology
Understanding Dry Skin
Dry skin (xerosis) is characterised by an impaired lipid barrier that allows transepidermal water loss (TEWL) to exceed the skin's capacity to retain moisture. The result: tightness, flaking, fine lines and chronic discomfort. Restoring the barrier lipid architecture is the only true solution.
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Step One
The Humectant Layer
Humectants — hyaluronic acid, glycerin, urea and sodium PCA — draw water into the skin from the environment and deeper layers. Applied to damp skin, they immediately relieve tightness and create the moisture reservoir that the next layers seal in.
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Step Two
Emollients & Lipids
Emollients — squalane, shea butter, plant oils, ceramides — fill the gaps in the intercellular lipid structure of dry skin. They smooth the surface, restore flexibility and give the skin the soft, comfortable feel of a fully functional barrier.
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Step Three
Occlusion: Sealing the Work
Occlusives — petrolatum, plant waxes, lanolin — form a physical barrier on the skin's surface that prevents moisture escape. In severe dry skin conditions, a thin occlusive layer over your moisturizer at night dramatically amplifies overnight hydration.
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External Triggers
Environment & Dry Skin
Cold air, low humidity, central heating and long hot showers all strip the skin's moisture and lipid content. Lifestyle modifications — cooler water, shorter showers, humidifiers and wind protection — are as important as any topical regime.
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Your Dry Skin Ritual
Dry skin is not a fixed condition — it is a response to barrier dysfunction that can be corrected. Bethlehem maps your TEWL levels, assesses your current routine and builds a layered hydration protocol that restores comfort and resilience.
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